12Fractal-Fractional Operators and Their Application to a Chaotic System with Sinusoidal Component
12.1 INTRODUCTION
The trigonometric functions in mathematics are real functions that connect the angle of a right-angled triangle to the ratios of its two side lengths. They are also known as circle functions, angle functions, or goniometric functions. All geosciences, including navigation, solid mechanics, celestial mechanics, geodesy, and many more, utilise them extensively. They are some of the most straightforward periodic functions, and as a result, Fourier analysis is frequently employed to examine periodic phenomena. The sine, cosine, and tangent are the trigonometric functions that are employed in modern ...
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