ACID Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Four characteristics that a relational database must be able to maintain for transactions.
ADDM Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor. A tool that generates performance-tuning reports based on snapshots in the AWR.
ADR Automatic Diagnostic Repository. Default location for the alert log, trace files, and other information useful for fault finding.
ADRCI The ADR command-line interface.
AES Advanced Encryption Standard. A widely used data encryption method.
AL16UTF16 A Unicode fixed-width two-byte character set, commonly specified for the NLS character set used for NVARCHAR2, NCHAR, ...