Appendix C

Op Amp Noise Theory

C.1. Introduction

The subject of op amp noise is a complex enough topic that it deserves its own appendix. The purpose of op amp circuitry is the manipulation of the input signal in some fashion. Unfortunately in the real world, the input signal has unwanted noise superimposed on it.

C.2. Characterization

Noise is a purely random signal, the instantaneous value and/or phase of the waveform cannot be predicted at any time. Noise can either be generated internally in the op amp, from its associated passive components, or superimposed on the circuit by external sources.

C.2.1. Root-Mean-Square Versus P–P Noise

Instantaneous noise voltage amplitudes are as likely to be positive as negative. When plotted, they form a random ...

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