Segmenting images using watersheds
The watershed transformation is a popular image processing algorithm that is used to quickly segment an image into homogenous regions. It relies on the idea that when the image is seen as a topological relief, the homogeneous regions correspond to relatively flat basins delimited by steep edges. With the watershed algorithm, segmentation is achieved by flooding this relief by gradually increasing the level of water in this one. As a result of its simplicity, the original version of this algorithm tends to over-segment the image, which produces multiple small regions. This is why OpenCV proposes a variant of this algorithm that uses a set of predefined markers to guide the definition of the image segments.
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