REFERENCES

1. E. O'Niell, Introduction to Statistical Optics, Addison Wesley, Reading, MA. 1963.

2. R. Smith, “Photodetectors for fiber systems”, Proc. IEEE, 68(10), October 1980.

3. T. Lee and T. Li, “Photodetectors”, in Optical Fiber Communications, edited by S. Miller, Academic Press, New York, 1979.

4. A. Verdeyan, Laser Electronics, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1981.

5. J. Palais, Fiber Optic Communications, Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988, Chapter 7.

6. R. Mcintyre, Distribution of gains in uniformly multiplying avalanche photodiodes, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 6, 703–712, June 1972.

7. J. Conradi, Distribution of gains in avalanche photodiodes—experimental results, IEEE Trans on Electron Devices 6, 713–718, June 1972.

8. N. Sorensen and R. Gagliardi, Performance of optical receivers with APD, IEEE Trans. Comm. 27, pp 1315-1321 November (1979).

9. D. Webb, Properties of avalanche photodiodes, RCA Rev. 35, pp 234–278 September (1974).

10. H. Cramer, Mathematical Methods In Statistics, Princeton Press, Princeton, NJ, 1946.

* Recall that bi(t) is the modal envelope of the field f(t, r) and |bi(t)|2 is in units of watts/area. Hence the normalized process |bi(t)|A1/2 will have power units of watts.

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