SDH Network Elements
Devices that implement SDH transmission are defined as SDH NEs. These NEs include regenerator section, multiplex section, and path-terminating equipment. The SDH NEs integrate to form the digital loop carrier (DLC) supporting various SDH architectures and topologies.
Regenerator
The regenerator is an RSTE that regenerates attenuated signals. A regenerator or amplifier is needed when, due to the long distance between multiplexers, the signal level in the fiber gets attenuated and becomes too low to drive a receiver. The regenerator is sometimes called a repeater. Regenerators can be cascaded to extend the reach of the optical-fiber system. However, nonlinear impairments must be taken into consideration while cascading regenerators. ...
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