Introduction

The astounding growth of computer networking in recent years has been characterized by the struggle of network managers to keep pace with the demand for network resources. As more and more users, running more and more applications, demand increased network bandwidth, network managers continually find themselves adding more expensive capacity in an effort to satisfy the needs of their customers. Even still, networks remain congested, and applications continue to run slowly. New breeds of aggressive applications that use networks compound this struggle.

In general terms, performance of networked applications depends on complex interactions among applications, servers, and networks. IT organizations need a detailed, quantitative understanding ...

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