Oracle Essentials, 4th Edition

Chapter 9. Oracle and Transaction Processing

The value of information systems is clear from the ever-increasing number of transactions processed by the world’s databases. Transactions form the foundation of business computing systems. In fact, transaction processing (TP) was the impetus for business computing as we know it today. The batch-oriented automation of core business processes like accounting and payroll drove the progress in mainframe computing through the 1970s and 1980s. Along the way, TP began the shift from batch to users interacting directly with systems, and online transaction processing (OLTP) was born. In the 1980s the computing infrastructure shifted from large centralized mainframes with dumb terminals to decentralized client/server computing with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) running on PCs and accessing databases on other machines over a network.

The client/server revolution provided a much better user interface and reduced the cost of hardware and software, but it also introduced additional complexity in systems development, management, and deployment. After a decade of use, system administrators were being slowly overwhelmed by the task of managing thousands of client machines and dozens of servers, so the latter half of the 1990s saw a return to centralization, including the grid (introduced in Chapter 1). Throughout all of these shifts, Oracle databases have continued to use their inherent architecture and constant enhancements to service the ever-growing ...