Organizational Behavior, 12th Edition

glossary

360° evaluation gathers evaluations from a jobholder's bosses, peers, and subordinates, as well as internal and external customers and self-ratings.

Absorptive capacity is the ability to learn.

Accommodation, or smoothing involves playing down differences and finding areas of agreement.

Achievement-oriented leadership emphasizes setting goals, stressing excellence, and showing confidence in people's ability to achieve high standards of performance.

Active listening encourages people to say what they really mean.

Activity measures of performance assess inputs in terms of work efforts.

Adaptive capacity refers to the ability to change.

Adhocracy emphasizes shared, decentralized decision making; extreme horizontal specialization; few levels of management; the virtual absence of formal controls; and few rules, policies, and procedures.

Adjourning stage is where teams disband when their work is finished.

Affect is the range of feelings in the forms of emotions and moods that people experience.

Agency theory suggests that public corporations can function effectively even though their managers are self-interested and do not always automatically bear the full consequences of their managerial actions.

Americans with Disabilities Act is a federal civil rights statute that protects the rights of people with disabilities.

Anchoring and adjustment heuristic bases a decision on incremental adjustments to an initial value determined by historical precedent or some reference point.