Potential sources Experienced stress Consequences

Environmental factors

  • Economic uncertainty

  • Political uncertainty

  • Technological change

    Organizational factors

  • Task demands

  • Role demands

  • Interpersonal demands

    Personal factors

  • Family problems

  • Economic problems

Individual differences

  • Perception

  • Job experience

  • Social support

  • Personality traits

    Cultural differences

Physiological symptoms

  • Immediate effects

  • Illness

  • Chronic health conditions

    Psychological symptoms

  • Anxiety

  • Lower emotional well-being

  • Lower job satisfaction

    Behavioral symptoms

  • Lower job performance

  • Higher absenteeism

  • Higher turnover

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