6.4. Power Determination in a Purely Nonparametric Sense
The title of this section must seem a bit of an enigma. What does the expression "in a purely nonparametric sense" really mean? Let's begin by reviewing some basic concepts in experimental design and power in the familiar parametric sense. We will then demonstrate a nonparametric approach to the same setting. Lastly, we will compare and contrast the two approaches to highlight important features.
Consider the design of a simple two-group experiment. Subjects or samples are randomized to one of two groups and receive a treatment. After treatment, a measurement is collected and the investigators wish to see if evidence exists to declare the responses of the two groups to be "different". ...
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