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Physics of Organic Semiconductors, 2nd, Completely New Revised Edition
book

Physics of Organic Semiconductors, 2nd, Completely New Revised Edition

by Wolfgang Brutting, Chihaya Adachi, Russell J. Holmes
December 2012
Intermediate to advanced content levelIntermediate to advanced
657 pages
22h 22m
English
Wiley-VCH Verlag
Content preview from Physics of Organic Semiconductors, 2nd, Completely New Revised Edition

14

Doping of Organic Semiconductors

Björn Lüssem, Moritz Riede, and Karl Leo

14.1 Introduction

In today's production of semiconductor devices, single-crystalline silicon is by far the most frequently used material among other inorganic crystalline materials like GaAs by a wide margin. These materials are stable and offer room temperature mobilities up to 1000 cm2/(V s). However, they are less suitable for low-cost or large area applications. For optoelectronic applications like solar cells and light-emitting diodes, silicon is again less appropriate because it is an indirect semiconductor. Therefore, silicon solar cells need rather thick material layers, resulting in higher cost and long payback time.

A recently much-noticed alternative is organic semiconductor, that is, molecular semiconductor consisting of carbon-based molecular entities. Although early research on organic semiconductors focused on single-crystalline organics whose mobilities, which were investigated in the pioneering work of Karl [1], reach from a few cm2/(V s) at room temperature to a much higher values at reduced temperatures, the thin-film organic semiconductors are preferred today due to practical reasons. The two groups of such materials, the polymers processed from solution and the evaporated small-molecule compounds, are already included in present products, for example, as photoconductors in copiers and laser printers. The field has been recently reviewed by several authors; we however refer here to ...

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