3Thermoset Resins
In this chapter we will discuss the various thermoset chemistries, ranging from petro‐ to bio‐based thermosets and new developments with renewable raw materials for thermosets. We will see that, although this type of chemistry has a long history, still significant developments are made relatively recently, which renders either processes more flexible or more environmentally friendly.1
3.1 Petro‐based Thermoset Resins
Until relatively recently, thermoset polymers as used for coatings mostly originated from petro‐based chemistries. For these petro‐based thermoset chemistries, the main types used are:
| Phenol‐formaldehyde (phenolics) | 1907 | Leo Baekeland |
| Urea‐formaldehyde (aminos) | 1918 | John Manns |
| Epoxy | 1938 | Pierre Castan (CIBA) ... |
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