5 Introduction to Image Processing
This chapter focuses on the underlying theory of image processing so that you’ll be able to understand the techniques used in the following chapters when they will be applied to remote sensing data within image processing and Geographic Information System (GIS) packages.
5.1 What Is an Image and How Is It Acquired?
At its simplest, an image is a series of numbers stored in columns and rows, known as a two-dimensional (2D) array, where the pixels make up the image and their values represent the shades of gray or color of the pixel as it appears on the screen. A pixel may be shown as a point (circle) or a square, and the individual pixels will subsequently become visible by zooming ...
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