CHAPTER 8Java Programming for AI Applications

“Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving.”

—Albert Einstein

8.1 What Is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is another hot buzzword at the moment. Just listen to the news—we have AI in this, AI in that, AI everywhere! So, what exactly is artificial intelligence? How is AI going to affect our lives? Is AI going to put all of us out of work one day?

Artificial intelligence is an area of computer science to create machines to do intelligent things, such as learning, planning, problem-solving, prediction, face and speech recognition, and so on. The beginning of artificial intelligence dates back to the 1950s, when Alan Turing, an English computer scientist, proposed the imitation game test to see if a computer could think and behave indistinguishably from a human. This is the famous Turing test. No computer has passed the Turing test so far.

Artificial intelligence as a research discipline was established in a workshop in 1956. The term artificial intelligence was coined by John McCarthy, a legendary computer scientist at Stanford University, who was also one of the ...

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