This chapter is dedicated to solving higher-order and coupled ODEs numerically. In general, the procedures used to solve higher-order ODEs and coupled systems of ODEs are similar to the ones used for second-order ODEs except for the additional steps required for new variables while rewriting the given higher-order ODEs as a system of first-order ODEs.
Fourth-Order ODE Problem
Let’s consider the following fourth-order nonhomogeneous ODE:
, y(0) = 50, dy(0) = 40, d2y(0) = 30, d3y(0) = 20. ...