Practical Quantum Computing for Developers: Programming Quantum Rigs in the Cloud using Python, Quantum Assembly Language and IBM QExperience

© Vladimir Silva 2018

Vladimir SilvaPractical Quantum Computing for Developershttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-4218-6_7

7. Game Theory: With Quantum Mechanics, Odds Are Always in Your Favor

Vladimir Silva¹ 

(1)

CARY, NC, USA

 

This chapter explores two game puzzles that show the remarkable power of quantum algorithms over their classical counterparts:

• The counterfeit coin puzzle: It is a classical balance puzzle proposed by mathematician E. D. Schell in 1945. It is about balancing coins to determine which holds a different value (counterfeit) using a balance scale and a limited number of tries.

• The Mermin-Peres Magic Square game: This is an example of quantum pseudo-telepathy or the ability of players to achieve outcomes that would only be possible ...