“Signals always point to something. In this sense, a signal is not a thing but a relationship. Data becomes useful knowledge of something that matters when it builds a bridge between a question and an answer. This connection is the signal.”
—Stephen Few, founder - Perceptual Edge, in his book, Signal: Understanding What Matters in a World of Noise
Chapter 7 introduced us to the basics of descriptive statistics . We learned about the varied forms in which measures can be aggregated, such as SUM, AVERAGE, ...