Chapter 4: Hash Objects

The SAS data set lies at the heart of the SAS ecosystem. It represents the primary built-in data structure that is leveraged by SAS procedures, functions, and subroutines to evaluate and transform data. However, SAS data sets, with the exception of those loaded into RAM by the SASFILE statement, or those maintained within in-memory environments such as SAS Visual Analytics, are exclusively stored on disk. That is, operations that interact with a data set invariably incur input/output (I/O) costs. The hash object, a second SAS built-in data structure, is instead maintained in memory and can be queried with minimal I/O overhead. Hash objects are prized because in-memory operations can provide substantial performance benefits ...

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