Process Systems Engineering for Biofuels Development

6Production of Biojet Fuel from Waste Raw Materials: A Review

Ana Laura Moreno‐Gómez¹, Claudia Gutiérrez‐Antonio¹, Fernando Israel Gómez‐Castro², and Salvador Hernández²

¹ Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Querétaro, México

² Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, 36050 Guanajuato, México

6.1 Introduction

In the transport sector, aviation has the highest growth. The forecasts of the International Air Transport Association, IATA, indicate that in the next two decades aviation will have a compound annual growth rate of 3.5%, which implies that the number of passengers could double to 8200 million in 2037 (IATA 2018a,b). As consequence, there will be an increase of both fuel usage and carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, in order to guarantee the sustainable development of aviation sector, the Four‐Pillar strategy was proposed (IATA 2009); this strategy considers technological improvements in engines and aircraft structures, operational improvements through online optimization of flight paths, market‐based measures, and development of alternative fuels (Gutiérrez‐Antonio et al. 2016a). From these alternatives, the IATA and the International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO, agree that renewable aviation fuel is the one that contributes most to the sustainable development of the aviation sector.

Fossil aviation fuel consists of hydrocarbons in the boiling point range from C8 to C16, including paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic ...