Programming and Data Structures

Arrays

CHAPTER OUTLINE

7.1

Introduction

7.2 Array Initialization

7.3

Definition of Array

7.4 Characteristic of Array

7.5 One-Dimensional Array

7.6

Predefined Streams

7.7 Two-Dimensional Array

7.8

Three or Multi Dimensional Arrays

7.9

The sscanf () and sprintf () Functions

Exercises

7.1 INTRODUCTION

Consider the following example.

main()

{

int a=2;

a=4;

printf ("%d",a);

}

OUTPUT: 4

In the above example the value of 'a' printed is 4. 2 is assigned to 'a' before assigning 4 to it.

When we assign 4 to 'a' then the value stored in 'a' is replaced with the new value. Hence, ordinary

variables are capable of storing one value at a time. This fact is same for all the data types. But in

application the variables must be assigned to more than one value. This can be obtained with the

help of arrays. Array variables are able to store more than one values at a time.

Declaration of an array is done as follows

in t a [5];

It tells to the compiler that 'a' is an integer type of arijay and can store 5 integers. The compiler

reserves 2 bytes of memory for each integer array element.