book

Programming C# 8.0

by Ian Griffiths

December 2019

Intermediate to advanced

797 pages

24h 13m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Who This Book Is ForConventions Used in This BookUsing Code ExamplesO’Reilly Online LearningHow to Contact UsAcknowledgments
Why C#?C#’s Defining FeaturesManaged Code and the CLRPrefer Generality to SpecializationC# Standards and ImplementationsMany Microsoft .NETs (Temporarily)Targeting Multiple .NET Versions with .NET StandardVisual Studio and Visual Studio CodeAnatomy of a Simple ProgramAdding a Project to an Existing SolutionReferencing One Project from AnotherReferencing External LibrariesWriting a Unit TestNamespacesClassesProgram Entry PointUnit TestsSummary
Local VariablesScopeStatements and ExpressionsStatementsExpressionsComments and WhitespacePreprocessing DirectivesCompilation Symbols#error and #warning#line#pragma#nullable#region and #endregionFundamental Data TypesNumeric TypesBooleansStrings and CharactersTuplesDynamicObjectOperatorsFlow ControlBoolean Decisions with if StatementsMultiple Choice with switch StatementsLoops: while and doC-Style for LoopsCollection Iteration with foreach LoopsPatternsGetting More Specific with whenPatterns in ExpressionsSummary
ClassesStatic MembersStatic ClassesReference TypesStructsWhen to Write a Value TypeGuaranteeing ImmutabilityMembersFieldsConstructorsDeconstructorsMethodsPropertiesIndexersInitializer SyntaxOperatorsEventsNested TypesInterfacesDefault Interface ImplementationEnumsOther TypesAnonymous TypesPartial Types and MethodsSummary
Generic TypesConstraintsType ConstraintsReference Type ConstraintsValue Type ConstraintsValue Types All the Way Down with Unmanaged ConstraintsNot Null ConstraintsOther Special Type ConstraintsMultiple ConstraintsZero-Like ValuesGeneric MethodsType InferenceGenerics and TuplesInside GenericsSummary
ArraysArray InitializationSearching and SortingMultidimensional ArraysCopying and ResizingList<T>List and Sequence InterfacesImplementing Lists and SequencesImplementing IEnumerable<T> with IteratorsCollection<T>ReadOnlyCollection<T>Addressing Elements with Index and Range SyntaxSystem.IndexSystem.RangeSupporting Index and Range in Your Own TypesDictionariesSorted DictionariesSetsQueues and StacksLinked ListsConcurrent CollectionsImmutable CollectionsImmutableArray<T>Summary
Inheritance and ConversionsInterface InheritanceGenericsCovariance and ContravarianceSystem.ObjectThe Ubiquitous Methods of System.ObjectAccessibility and InheritanceVirtual MethodsAbstract MethodsInheritance and Library VersioningSealed Methods and ClassesAccessing Base MembersInheritance and ConstructionSpecial Base TypesSummary
Garbage CollectionDetermining ReachabilityAccidentally Defeating the Garbage CollectorWeak ReferencesReclaiming MemoryGarbage Collector ModesTemporarily Suspending Garbage CollectionsAccidentally Defeating CompactionForcing Garbage CollectionsDestructors and FinalizationIDisposableOptional DisposalBoxingBoxing Nullable<T>Summary
Exception SourcesExceptions from APIsFailures Detected by the RuntimeHandling ExceptionsException ObjectsMultiple catch BlocksException FiltersNested try Blocksfinally BlocksThrowing ExceptionsRethrowing ExceptionsFailing FastException TypesCustom ExceptionsUnhandled ExceptionsSummary
Delegate TypesCreating a DelegateMulticast DelegatesInvoking a DelegateCommon Delegate TypesType CompatibilityBehind the SyntaxAnonymous FunctionsCaptured VariablesLambdas and Expression TreesEventsStandard Event Delegate PatternCustom Add and Remove MethodsEvents and the Garbage CollectorEvents Versus DelegatesDelegates Versus InterfacesSummary

Query ExpressionsHow Query Expressions ExpandSupporting Query ExpressionsDeferred EvaluationLINQ, Generics, and IQueryable<T>Standard LINQ OperatorsFilteringSelectSelectManyOrderingContainment TestsSpecific Items and SubrangesAggregationSet OperationsWhole-Sequence, Order-Preserving OperationsGroupingJoinsConversionSequence GenerationOther LINQ ImplementationsEntity FrameworkParallel LINQ (PLINQ)LINQ to XMLReactive ExtensionsTx (LINQ to Logs and Traces)Summary
Fundamental InterfacesIObserver<T>IObservable<T>Publishing and Subscribing with DelegatesCreating an Observable Source with DelegatesSubscribing to an Observable Source with DelegatesSequence BuildersEmptyNeverReturnThrowRangeRepeatGenerateLINQ QueriesGrouping OperatorsJoin OperatorsSelectMany OperatorAggregation and Other Single-Value OperatorsConcat OperatorRx Query OperatorsMergeWindowing OperatorsThe Scan OperatorThe Amb OperatorDistinctUntilChangedSchedulersSpecifying SchedulersBuilt-in SchedulersSubjectsSubject<T>BehaviorSubject<T>ReplaySubject<T>AsyncSubject<T>AdaptationIEnumerable<T> and IAsyncEnumerable<T>.NET EventsAsynchronous APIsTimed OperationsIntervalTimerTimestampTimeIntervalThrottleSampleTimeoutWindowing OperatorsDelayDelaySubscriptionSummary
Anatomy of an Assembly.NET MetadataResourcesMultifile AssembliesOther PE FeaturesType IdentityLoading AssembliesAssembly ResolutionExplicit LoadingIsolation and Plugins with AssemblyLoadContextAssembly NamesStrong NamesVersionCultureProtectionSummary
Reflection TypesAssemblyModuleMemberInfoType and TypeInfoMethodBase, ConstructorInfo, and MethodInfoParameterInfoFieldInfoPropertyInfoEventInfoReflection ContextsSummary
Applying AttributesAttribute TargetsCompiler-Handled AttributesCLR-Handled AttributesDefining and Consuming AttributesAttribute TypesRetrieving AttributesSummary
The Stream ClassPosition and SeekingFlushingCopyingLengthDisposalAsynchronous OperationConcrete Stream TypesOne Type, Many BehaviorsText-Oriented TypesTextReader and TextWriterConcrete Reader and Writer TypesEncodingFiles and DirectoriesFileStream ClassFile ClassDirectory ClassPath ClassFileInfo, DirectoryInfo, and FileSystemInfoKnown FoldersSerializationBinaryReader, BinaryWriter, and BinaryPrimitivesCLR SerializationJSON.NETSummary
ThreadsThreads, Variables, and Shared StateThe Thread ClassThe Thread PoolThread Affinity and SynchronizationContextSynchronizationMonitors and the lock KeywordSpinLockReader/Writer LocksEvent ObjectsBarrierCountdownEventSemaphoresMutexInterlockedLazy InitializationOther Class Library Concurrency SupportTasksThe Task and Task<T> ClassesContinuationsSchedulersError HandlingCustom Threadless TasksParent/Child RelationshipsComposite TasksOther Asynchronous PatternsCancellationParallelismThe Parallel ClassParallel LINQTPL DataflowSummary
Asynchronous Keywords: async and awaitExecution and Synchronization ContextsMultiple Operations and LoopsReturning a TaskApplying async to Nested MethodsThe await PatternError HandlingValidating ArgumentsSingular and Multiple ExceptionsConcurrent Operations and Missed ExceptionsSummary
(Don’t) Copy ThatRepresenting Sequential Elements with Span<T>Utility MethodsStack OnlyRepresenting Sequential Elements with Memory<T>ReadOnlySequence<T>Processing Data Streams with PipelinesProcessing JSON in ASP.NET CoreSummary

Overview

C# is undeniably one of the most versatile programming languages available to engineers today. With this comprehensive guide, you’ll learn just how powerful the combination of C# and .NET can be. Author Ian Griffiths guides you through C# 8.0 fundamentals and techniques for building cloud, web, and desktop applications.

Designed for experienced programmers, this book provides many code examples to help you work with the nuts and bolts of C#, such as generics, LINQ, and asynchronous programming features. You’ll get up to speed on .NET Core and the latest C# 8.0 additions, including asynchronous streams, nullable references, pattern matching, default interface implementation, ranges and new indexing syntax, and changes in the .NET tool chain.

Discover how C# supports fundamental coding features, such as classes, other custom types, collections, and error handling
Learn how to write high-performance memory-efficient code with .NET Core’s Span and Memory types
Query and process diverse data sources, such as in-memory object models, databases, data streams, and XML documents with LINQ
Use .NET’s multithreading features to exploit your computer’s parallel processing capabilities
Learn how asynchronous language features can help improve application responsiveness and scalability