Back in “What Is Monitoring?” I stated that alerting was one of the components
of monitoring, allowing you to notify a human when there is a problem.
Prometheus allows you to define conditions in the form of PromQL expressions
that are continuously evaluated, and any resulting time series become alerts.
This chapter will show you how to configure alerts in Prometheus.
As you saw from the example in “Alerting”, Prometheus is not
responsible for sending out notifications such as emails, chat messages, or
pages. That role is handled by the Alertmanager.
Prometheus is where your logic to determine what is or isn’t alerting is
defined. Once an alert is firing in Prometheus, it is sent to an Alertmanager,
which can take in alerts from many Prometheus servers. The Alertmanager then
groups alerts together and sends you throttled notifications (Figure 18-1).
Figure 18-1. Prometheus and Alertmanager architecture
This architecture shown in Figure 18-1 allows you not only
flexibility, but also the ability to have a single notification based on alerts
from multiple different Prometheus servers. For example, if you had an issue
propagating serving data to all of your datacenters, you could configure your
alert grouping so that you got only a single notification rather than being
spammed by a notification for each datacenter you have.
Alerting Rules
Alerting rules are ...
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