What is ecological diversity? There are two components to ecological diversity. The first is species richness, which is simply the number of different species that are present in a community or population. In a population of butterflies, for example, these species might be Monarchs, Black Swallowtails, or Painted Ladies. Each is considered to be a separate species. The more species that are present in a particular environment, the richer the diversity of species within that environment. The second component of ecological diversity is relative abundance, which refers to the number ...
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