Python Pocket Reference, 4th Edition

Built-in Functions

All built-in names (functions, exceptions, and so on) exist in the implied outer built-in scope, which corresponds to the builtins module (named __builtin__ in Python 2). Because this scope is always searched last on name lookups, these functions are always available in programs without imports. However, their names are not reserved words and might be hidden by assignments to the same name in global or local scopes.

abs(N)

Returns the absolute value of a number N.

all(iterable)

Returns True only if all elements of the iterable are true.

any(iterable)

Returns True only if any element of the iterable is true.

ascii(object)

Like repr(), returns a string containing a printable representation of an object, but escapes the non-ASCII characters in the repr() result string using \x, \u, or \U escapes. This result is similar to that returned by repr() in Python 2.X.

bin(N)

Convert an integer number to a binary (base 2) digits string. The result is a valid Python expression. If argument N is not a Python int object, it must define an __index__() method that returns an integer. See also int(x, 2) to convert from binary, 0bNNN binary literals, and the b type code in str.format().

bool([x])

Converts a value to a Boolean, using the standard truth testing procedure. If x is false or omitted, this returns False; otherwise, it returns True. bool is also a class, which is a subclass of int. The class bool cannot be subclassed further. Its only instances are False and True.

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