19 Requirements for a Quantum Computer

Artur Ekert1,2 and Alastair Kay1,3

1 University of Oxford, Mathematical Institute, Andrew Wiles Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter (550), Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK

2 National University of Singapore, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore

3 Royal Holloway, University of London Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK

The classical theory of computation usually does not refer to physics. Pioneers such as Turing, Church, Post, and Gödel managed to capture the correct classical theory by intuition alone and, as a result, it is often falsely assumed that its foundations are self‐evident and purely abstract. They are not!

Computers are physical objects ...

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