20 Probabilistic Quantum Computation and Linear Optical Realizations
Norbert Lütkenhaus
University of Waterloo, Institute for Quantum Computing, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
20.1 Introduction
Quantum computation is usually thought of as a sequence of quantum gates. This sequence of gates decomposes the desired total unitary operation of our computation. It is followed by a measurement that extracts the result of the computation. In Chapter 11, a different concept was introduced and a specific, highly entangled input state was prepared. The computation was performed by measuring out the individual systems in a specific pattern. Both approaches have one thing in common: in principle they work deterministically. ...
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