
R Language Fundamentals 25
> tail(cars)
speed dist
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2.4 Language basics
Programming in R is carried out, primarily, by manipulating and modifying
data structures. These different transformations and calculations are carried
out using functions and operators. In R, virtually every operation is a function
call and though we separate our discussion into operators and function calls,
the distinction is not strong and the two concepts are very similar. The R
evaluator and many functions are written in C but most R functions are
written in R itself.
The code for functions can be viewed, and in most cases modified, ...