Remote Sensing and Image Processing in Mineralogy

Chapter 7 Quantum Support Vector Machine in Retrieving Clay Mineral Saturation in Multispectral Sentinel-2 Satellite Data

7.1 Salinity, Soil and Geological Minerals

The core stone question is: what is the relationship between salinity and soil? The salinity in soils is perhaps owing to the dissolved mineral salts. The foremost cations are sodium, calcium, magnesium, and potassium; the foremost anions are chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate, and nitrate. In this view, soil salinity is well-defined as the highest meditation of solute salts counting Na⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ in soils, instigating further than 4 dS/m for soil electric conductivity. In this regard, soil electric conductivity is equivalent to 0.2 MPa of osmotic potential formed by ...