Renewable Energy Innovations

11Algae Biofuels: A Promising Fuel of the Transport Sector

P.S. Ranjit¹*, S. S. Bhurat², Sukanchan Palit², M. Sreenivasa Reddy¹, Shyam Pandey² and Shashank Pal²

¹ Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh 533437, India

² School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India

Abstract

Depleting petroleum derivative sources leads to increased emissions of ozone toxic substances (GHGs), with many negative consequences. Since then, biofuels have been studied to replace petroleum products. Biofuels are a positive decision to use fuels for their martial, biodegradable, and satisfactory quality exhaust gas production. Third-era biofuels derived from microalgae are considered an energy asset of the right choice, without the significant drawbacks associated with first- and second-era biofuels. This chapter provides a general basis and presentation of biofuels in the third era of algae growth.

Keywords: Biofuels, algae, transport fuel, harvesting, types of algae, extraction techniques, physico-chemical properties

11.1 Introduction

Biofuel is harmless to the ecosystem power source from microbial, plant, or animal materials. Cases of biofuels join ethanol (routinely delivered utilizing corn in the United States and sugarcane in Brazil), biodiesel (sourced from vegetable oils and liquid animal fats), green diesel (got from green development and other plant sources), and biogas (methane got from animal manure and other handled normal material) ...