Chapter 13 Dependent Failures and Events
13.1 Introduction
An accident scenario is a sequence of events , where the end event may harm one or more assets. In general, many of these events are statistically dependent. Sometimes, an event only depends on the detailed outcome of the previous event . In other cases, depends on the detailed outcomes of all (or a limited set of) the previous outcomes.
In some systems, such as electric power transmission systems and other infrastructure networks, an initial disturbance may sometimes lead to a sequence of failures. Such a system failure is called a cascading failure or a domino effect failure.
Most well designed systems have barriers that are installed to stop, or reduce the effects, of the events in the accident scenario. These barriers may have redundancy, where two or more items are installed to perform the same or similar functions (such as for fire detectors and gas detectors). The redundant items are often dependent, often due to a shared cause. Dependent failures due to a shared cause is called common‐cause failures (CCFs). ...
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