book

Rust Web Development

by Bastian Gruber

February 2023

Intermediate to advanced

400 pages

9h 53m

English

Manning Publications

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prefaceacknowledgmentsabout this bookWho should read this bookHow this book is organized: A road mapAbout the codeliveBook discussion forumabout the authorabout the cover illustration
1.1 Batteries included: Rust’s tooling1.2 The Rust compiler1.3 Rust for web services1.4 Maintainability of Rust applicationsSummary
2.1 Following the Rust playbook2.1.1 Modeling your resources with structs2.1.2 Understanding options2.1.3 Using documentation to solve errors2.1.4 Handling strings in Rust2.1.5 Taking an excursion into moving, borrowing, and ownership2.1.6 Using and implementing traits2.1.7 Handling results2.2 Creating our web server2.2.1 Handling multiple requests at once2.2.2 Rust’s asynchronous environment2.2.3 Rust’s handling of async/await2.2.4 Using Rust’s Future type2.2.5 Choosing a runtime2.2.6 Choosing a web frameworkSummary

3.1 Getting to know our web framework: Warp3.1.1 What is included in Warp3.1.2 Warp’s filter system3.2 GET your first JSON response3.2.1 Align with your framework’s way of thinking3.2.2 Handle the success route3.2.3 Get help from Serde3.2.4 Handle errors gracefully3.3 Handling CORS headers3.3.1 Returning CORS headers on the application level3.3.2 Testing CORS responsesSummary
4.1 GET questions from in-memory4.1.1 Setting up a mock database4.1.2 Preparing a set of test data4.1.3 Reading from the fake database4.1.4 Parsing query parameters4.1.5 Returning custom errors4.2 POST, PUT, and DELETE questions4.2.1 Updating our data in a thread-safe way4.2.2 Adding a question4.2.3 Updating a question4.2.4 Handling malformed requests4.2.5 Removing questions from the storage4.3 POST answers via url-form-encoded4.3.1 Difference between url-form-encoded and JSON4.3.2 Adding answers via url-form-encodedSummary
5.1 Modularizing your code5.1.1 Using Rust’s built-in mod system5.1.2 Practical folder structure for different use cases5.1.3 Creating libraries and sub-crates5.2 Documenting your code5.2.1 Using doc comments and private comments5.2.2 Adding code in your comments5.3 Linting and formatting your codebase5.3.1 Installing and using Clippy5.3.2 Formatting your code with RustfmtSummary
6.1 Logging in your Rust application6.1.1 Implementing logging in your web service6.1.2 Logging incoming HTTP requests6.1.3 Creating structured logs6.2 Tracing in asynchronous applications6.2.1 Introducing the Tracing crate6.2.2 Integrating tracing in our application6.3 Debugging Rust applications6.3.1 Using GDB on the command line6.3.2 Debugging our web service with LLDB6.3.3 Using Visual Studio Code and LLDBSummary
7.1 Setting up our example database7.2 Creating our first tables7.3 Working with a database crate7.3.1 Adding SQLx into our project7.3.2 Connecting Store to our database7.4 Reimplementing our route handlers7.4.1 Adding the database to get_questions7.4.2 Reimplementing the add_question route handler7.4.3 Adjusting the update and delete questions handler7.4.4 Updating the add_answer route7.5 Error handling and tracing database interactions7.6 Integrating SQL migrations7.7 Case study: Switching database management systemsSummary
8.1 Preparing the codebase8.1.1 Picking an API8.1.2 Getting to know our HTTP crate8.1.3 Adding an example HTTP call with Reqwest8.1.4 Handling errors for external API requests8.2 Deserializing JSON responses to structs8.2.1 Gathering API response information8.2.2 Creating types for our API responses8.3 Sending questions and answers to the API8.3.1 Refactoring the add_question route handler8.3.2 Making profanity checks for updating questions8.3.3 Updating the add_answer route handler8.4 Handling timeouts and multiple requests at once8.4.1 Implementing a retry for external HTTP calls8.4.2 Executing futures concurrently or in parallelSummary
9.1 Adding authentication to our web service9.1.1 Creating the user concept9.1.2 Migrating the database9.1.3 Adding the registration endpoint9.1.4 Hashing the password9.1.5 Handling duplicate account errors9.1.6 Stateful vs. stateless authentication9.1.7 Adding the login endpoint9.1.8 Adding an expiry date to tokens9.2 Adding authorization middleware9.2.1 Migrating the database tables9.2.2 Creating token validation middleware9.2.3 Extending existing routes to handle account IDs9.3 What we didn’t coverSummary
10.1 Setting up your application through environment variables10.1.1 Set up config files10.1.2 Accept command-line inputs for your application10.1.3 Read and parse environment variables into your web service10.2 Compiling your web service for different environments10.2.1 Development vs. release flag when building your binary10.2.2 Cross-compile your binary for different environments10.3 Using build.rs in your build process10.4 Creating the right Docker image for your web service10.4.1 Create a statically linked Docker image10.4.2 Set up a local Docker environment with docker-compose10.4.3 Extract the configuration of the web server into a new moduleSummary
11.1 Unit testing our business logic11.1.1 Testing the pagination logic and dealing with custom errors11.1.2 Testing the Config module with environment variables11.1.3 Testing the profanity module with a newly created mock server11.2 Testing our Warp filters11.3 Creating an integration testing setup11.3.1 Splitting up the codebase into a lib.rs and a binary11.3.2 Creating the integration-test crate and the oneshot server implementation11.3.3 Adding the registration test11.3.4 Unwinding in case of an error11.3.5 Testing the login and posting questionsSummary
A.1 Verify your dependencies for security issuesA.2 Verify your own codeA.3 Closing words

Overview

Create bulletproof, high-performance web apps and servers with Rust.

In Rust Web Development you will learn:

Handling the borrow checker in an asynchronous environment
Learning the ingredients of an asynchronous Rust stack
Creating web APIs and using JSON in Rust
Graceful error handling
Testing, tracing, logging, and debugging
Deploying Rust applications
Efficient database access

Rust Web Development is a pragmatic, hands-on guide to creating server-based web applications with Rust. If you’ve designed web servers using Java, NodeJS, or PHP, you’ll instantly fall in love with the performance and development experience Rust delivers. Hit the ground running! Author Bastian Gruber’s sage advice makes it easy to start tackling complex problems with Rust. You’ll learn how to work efficiently using pure Rust, along with important Rust libraries such as tokio for async runtimes, warp for web servers and APIs, and reqwest to run external HTTP requests.

About the Technology
If you’re sick of cookie-cutter web development tools that are slow, resource hungry, and unstable, Rust is the solution. Rust services deliver rock-solid safety guarantees, an amazing developer experience, and even a compiler that automatically prevents common mistakes!

About the Book
Rust Web Development, teaches you to build server-side web apps using Rust, along with important Rust libraries like tokio for async runtimes, warp for web servers and APIs, and reqwest to run external HTTP requests. The book is packed full of examples, code samples, and pro tips for setting up your projects and organizing your code. As you go, you’ll build a complete Q&A web service and iterate on your code chapter-by-chapter, just like a real development project.

What's Inside

Handle the borrow checker in an asynchronous environment
Build web APIs and handle JSON
Compose a tech stack for asynchronous Rust development
Handle errors gracefully
Test, trace, log, and debug
Deploy Rust applications to multiple environments

About the Reader
This book is for web developers familiar with Java, Node, or Go, and the absolute basics of Rust.

About the Author
Bastian Gruber was part of the official Rust Async Working Group, and founded the Rust and Tell Berlin MeetUp group.

Quotes
I always assumed Rust was strictly for areas where I’d use C/C++. This book changed my mind! By the end, I was coding as quickly as I could in JS/Node, but with all the protection of a compiled and type-safe language. I’m a convert!
- JD McCormack, Meta

Walk with a master as he guides you down the path of creating fast, rock-solid, modern web applications. I would not have thought Rust was well-suited for this. Now I’m looking forward to it.
- Christoph Baker, Accenture Industry X

A gem for those picking up Rust and struggling. It fills in the blanks where many tutorials fall short. In the end, you’ll have a working restful API that you can extend to do your bidding and a solid understanding of how it works.
- Walt Stoneburner, Bogart Associates of Northern Virginia