Examples of Extensions from Some Implementations

Both PL/SQL and Transact-SQL are considered fourth-generation programming languages. Both are procedural languages versus SQL, which is a non-procedural language. We will also briefly discuss another implementation of SQL called MySQL, which can be downloaded from the Internet.

The non-procedural language SQL includes statements such as the following:

  • INSERT

  • UPDATE

  • DELETE

  • SELECT

  • COMMIT

  • ROLLBACK

An SQL extension considered a procedural language includes all of the preceding statements, commands, and functions of standard SQL. In addition, extensions include statements such as:

  • Variable declarations

  • Cursor declarations

  • Conditional statements

  • Loops

  • Error handling

  • Variable incrementing

  • Date conversions

  • Wildcard ...

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