Ports, Sockets, and Netstat, Oh My
When you’ve restarted a daemon, checked the log files, and nothing seems to be working, you’ll need finer diagnostics. A good place to start is by checking the ports and socket pairs on your UNIX server.
Enter netstat -a . This command is to network sockets what ps is to processes. You’ll remember from Hour 1, “Understanding Networking: The Telephone Analogy,” that a listening socket means that a service is listening at a certain extension (port) for calls.
The netstat command can list each socket that’s being used for a current connection or being listened to for a connection. It tells you whether things are backlogged, where they are backlogged from, and which socket is in use on both sides of the call. ...
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