Getting Passwords
The classic way to gain access to a computer system is to find out the password and log in. An intruder who gains interactive entry to a system can employ other techniques to build system privileges. Therefore, finding a password—any password—is often the first step in cracking a network. Methods for getting passwords range from very high-tech (password-cracking dictionary scripts and de-encryption programs) to extremely low-tech (digging around in trash cans and peeking in users' desk drawers). Some common password attack methods include
Looking outside the box
Trojan horses
Guessing
Intercepting
The following sections discuss these methods for clandestinely obtaining users' passwords.
Looking Outside the Box
No matter how secure ...
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