Appendix A: Linear Mixed Model Theory
A.3 Formulation of the Mixed Model
A.3.1 The General Linear Mixed Model
A.3.2 Conditional and Marginal Distributions
A.3.3 Example: Growth Curve with Compound Symmetry
A.3.4 Example: Split-Plot Design
A.4 Estimating Parameters, Predicting Random Effects
A.4.1 Estimating β and Predicting u: The Mixed Model Equations
A.4.2 Random Effects, Ridging, and Shrinking
A.4.3 Use of the Sweep Operation for Solutions
A.4.4 Maximum Likelihood and Restricted Maximum Likelihood for Covariance Parameters
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