Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications

Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications

by Plamen Angelov
Released April 2012
Publisher(s): Wiley
ISBN: 9780470979754

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Book description

There is increasing interest in the potential of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and MAV (Micro Air Vehicle) technology and their wide ranging applications including defence missions, reconnaissance and surveillance, border patrol, disaster zone assessment and atmospheric research. High investment levels from the military sector globally is driving research and development and increasing the viability of autonomous platforms as replacements for the remotely piloted vehicles more commonly in use.

UAV/UAS pose a number of new challenges, with the autonomy and in particular collision avoidance, detect and avoid, or sense and avoid, as the most challenging one, involving both regulatory and technical issues.

Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications covers the problem of detect, sense and avoid in UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) in depth and combines the theoretical and application results by leading academics and researchers from industry and academia.

Key features:

  • Presents a holistic view of the sense and avoid problem in the wider application of autonomous systems

  • Includes information on human factors, regulatory issues and navigation, control, aerodynamics and physics aspects of the sense and avoid problem in UAS

  • Provides professional, scientific and reliable content that is easy to understand, and

  • Includes contributions from leading engineers and researchers in the field

Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications is an invaluable source of original and specialised information. It acts as a reference manual for practising engineers and advanced theoretical researchers and also forms a useful resource for younger engineers and postgraduate students. With its credible sources and thorough review process, Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications provides a reliable source of information in an area that is fast expanding but scarcely covered.

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Series
  3. Title Page
  4. Copyright
  5. Preface
  6. About the Editor
  7. About the Contributors
  8. Part I: Introduction
    1. Chapter 1: Introduction
      1. 1.1 UAV versus UAS
      2. 1.2 Historical Perspective on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
      3. 1.3 UAV Classification
      4. 1.4 UAV Applications
      5. 1.5 UAS Market Overview
      6. 1.6 UAS Future Challenges
      7. 1.7 Fault Tolerance for UAS
    2. Chapter 2: Performance Tradeoffs and the Development of Standards1
      1. 2.1 Scope of Sense and Avoid
      2. 2.2 System Configurations
      3. 2.3 S&A Services and Sub-functions
      4. 2.4 Sensor Capabilities
      5. 2.5 Tracking and Trajectory Prediction
      6. 2.6 Threat Declaration and Resolution Decisions
      7. 2.7 Sense and Avoid Timeline
      8. 2.8 Safety Assessment
      9. 2.9 Modeling and Simulation
      10. 2.10 Human Factors
      11. 2.11 Standards Process
      12. 2.12 Conclusion
    3. Chapter 3: Integration of SAA Capabilities into a UAS Distributed Architecture for Civil Applications
      1. 3.1 Introduction
      2. 3.2 System Overview
      3. 3.3 USAL Concept and Structure
      4. 3.4 Flight and Mission Services
      5. 3.5 Awareness Category at USAL Architecture
      6. 3.6 Conclusions
      7. Acknowledgments
  9. Part II: Regulatory Issues and Human Factors
    1. Chapter 4: Regulations and Requirements
      1. 4.1 Background Information
      2. 4.2 Existing Regulations and Standards
      3. 4.3 Sense and Avoid Requirements
      4. 4.4 Human Factors and Situational Awareness Considerations
      5. 4.5 Conclusions
      6. Acknowledgments
    2. Chapter 5: Human Factors in UAV
      1. 5.1 Introduction
      2. 5.2 Teleoperation of UAVs
      3. 5.3 Control of Multiple Unmanned Vehicles
      4. 5.4 Task-Switching
      5. 5.5 Multimodal Interaction with Unmanned Vehicles
      6. 5.6 Adaptive Automation
      7. 5.7 Automation and Multitasking
      8. 5.8 Individual Differences
      9. 5.9 Conclusions
  10. Part III: SAA Methodologies
    1. Chapter 6: Sense and Avoid Concepts: Vehicle-Based SAA Systems (Vehicle-to-Vehicle)
      1. 6.1 Introduction
      2. 6.2 Conflict Detection and Resolution Principles
      3. 6.3 Categorization of Conflict Detection and Resolution Approaches
      4. Acknowledgments
    2. Chapter 7: UAS Conflict Detection and Resolution Using Differential Geometry Concepts
      1. 7.1 Introduction
      2. 7.2 Differential Geometry Kinematics
      3. 7.3 Conflict Detection
      4. 7.4 Conflict Resolution: Approach I
      5. 7.5 Conflict Resolution: Approach II
      6. 7.6 CD&R Simulation
      7. 7.7 Conclusions
    3. Chapter 8: Aircraft Separation Management Using Common Information Network SAA
      1. 8.1 Introduction
      2. 8.2 CIN Sense and Avoid Requirements
      3. 8.3 Automated Separation Management on a CIN
      4. 8.4 Smart Skies Implementation
      5. 8.5 Example SAA on a CIN – Flight Test Results
      6. 8.6 Summary and Future Developments
      7. Acknowledgments
  11. Part VI: SAA Applications
    1. Chapter 9: AgentFly: Scalable, High-Fidelity Framework for Simulation, Planning and Collision Avoidance of Multiple UAVs
      1. 9.1 Agent-Based Architecture
      2. 9.2 Airplane Control Concept
      3. 9.3 Flight Trajectory Planner
      4. 9.4 Collision Avoidance
      5. 9.5 Team Coordination
      6. 9.6 Scalable Simulation
      7. 9.7 Deployment to Fixed-Wing UAV
      8. Acknowledgments
    2. Chapter 10: See and Avoid Using Onboard Computer Vision
      1. 10.1 Introduction
      2. 10.2 State-of-the-Art
      3. 10.3 Visual-EO Airborne Collision Detection
      4. 10.4 Image Stabilization
      5. 10.5 Detection and Tracking
      6. 10.6 Target Dynamics and Avoidance Control
      7. 10.7 Hardware Technology and Platform Integration
      8. 10.8 Flight Testing
      9. 10.9 Future Work
      10. 10.10 Conclusions
      11. Acknowledgements
    3. Chapter 11: The Use of Low-Cost Mobile Radar Systems for Small UAS Sense and Avoid
      1. 11.1 Introduction
      2. 11.2 The UAS Operating Environment
      3. 11.3 Sense and Avoid and Collision Avoidance
      4. 11.4 Case Study: The Smart Skies Project
      5. 11.5 Case Study: Flight Test Results
      6. 11.6 Conclusion
      7. Acknowledgements
  12. Epilogue
  13. Index

Product information

  • Title: Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications
  • Author(s): Plamen Angelov
  • Release date: April 2012
  • Publisher(s): Wiley
  • ISBN: 9780470979754