The ServiceNow database is a relational database. This means that one data element can relate to another. To ensure that every record or row can be referenced easily, every record has a unique identifier: a primary key.
In ServiceNow, this primary key is something that isn't related to the data itself. It is a globally unique identifier or GUID. This GUID is stored as a 32-character string, made of hexadecimal characters (the numbers 0-9 plus the letters a-f). The number of unique GUID values is so large that the probability of two accidently being the same is negligible. This is an example GUID: 5137153cc611227c000bbd1bd8cd2005.