Smart Grid: Technology and Applications

Contents

About the authors

Preface

Acknowledgements

List of abbreviations

1 The Smart Grid

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Why implement the Smart Grid now?

1.2.1 Ageing assets and lack of circuit capacity

1.2.2 Thermal constraints

1.2.3 Operational constraints

1.2.4 Security of supply

1.2.5 National initiatives

1.3 What is the Smart Grid?

1.4 Early Smart Grid initiatives

1.4.1 Active distribution networks

1.4.2 Virtual power plant

1.4.3 Other initiatives and demonstrations

1.5 Overview of the technologies required for the Smart Grid

References

Part I INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

2 Data communication

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Dedicated and shared communication channels

2.3 Switching techniques

2.3.1 Circuit switching

2.3.2 Message switching

2.3.3 Packet switching

2.4 Communication channels

2.4.1 Wired communication

2.4.2 Optical fibre

2.4.3 Radio communication

2.4.4 Cellular mobile communication

2.4.5 Satellite communication

2.5 Layered architecture and protocols

2.5.1 The ISO/OSI model

2.5.2 TCP/IP

References

3 Communication technologies for the Smart Grid

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Communication technologies

3.2.1 IEEE 802 series

3.2.2 Mobile communications

3.2.3 Multi protocol label switching

3.2.4 Power line communication

3.3 Standards for information exchange

3.3.1 Standards for smart metering

3.3.2 Modbus

3.3.3 DNP3

3.3.4 IEC 61850

References

4 Information security for the Smart Grid

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Encryption and decryption

4.2.1 Symmetric key encryption

4.2.2 Public key encryption ...