
Chapter 9
SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
9.1 SOFTWARE AS AN EVOLUTION ENTITY
L
ehman and Belady have studied the characteristics of the evolution of
several software products [1980]. They have expressed their observations in
the form of laws. Their important laws are given below.
1. Lehman’s first law: A software product must change continually or become
progressively less useful.
2. Lehman’s second law: The structure of a program tends to degrade as more
and more maintenance is carried out on it.
3. Lehman’s third law: Over a program’s lifetime, its rate of development is
approximately constant.
9.2 SOFTWARE-CONFIGURATION MANA ...