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CHAPTER 3

Microphones

CHAPTER Contents

The Moving-Coil or Dynamic Microphone

The Ribbon Microphone

The Capacitor or Condenser Microphone

Basic Capacitor Microphone

Electret Designs

MEMS Microphone

RF Capacitor Microphone

Directional Responses and Polar Diagrams

Omnidirectional Pattern

Figure-Eight or Bidirectional Pattern

Cardioid or Unidirectional Pattern

Hypercardioid Pattern

Specialized Microphone Types

Rifle Microphone

Parabolic Microphone

Boundary or ‘Pressure-Zone’ Microphone

Switchable Polar Patterns

Stereo Microphones

Microphone Performance

Microphone Sensitivity in Practice

Microphone Noise in Practice

Microphone Powering Options

Phantom Power72

Digital Microphones

USB Microphones

Radio Microphones

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