3

THE FORMATIVE YEARS OF THE CHURCH: AD 313 TO AD 1054

 

CHAPTER OUTLINE

Constantine

Early Ecumenical Councils

Jerome and Augustine

Council of Chalcedon

Rise of Monasticism

The Church in Northern Europe

 

Constantine

Emperor Diocletian abdicated the throne in AD 305, leaving three rivals, Maxentius, Constantius Chlorus, and Galerius to vie for power. Constantius Chlorus died the next year and his son, Constantine, was hailed as his successor (Figure 3.1). Meanwhile, Maxentius had managed to secure Rome as his stronghold. In AD 312 Constantine prepared to do battle with Maxentius for control of Rome and the West. According to the account of Eusebius of Caesarea, who was an early historian and later a confidant of Constantine, the Emperor had a ...

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