The Shutdown Process
A system might have to be shut down for various reasons:
To prevent the system from an anticipated power failure
To perform maintenance tasks, such as backup and recovery
To perform a reconfiguration boot when new hardware devices are added or removed
To force a crash dump when the system hangs
To repair a damaged file system
To boot the system using the kernel debugger
To perform an installation
A system can be shut down with any one of the following commands: init, shutdown, reboot, poweroff, or halt. The administrator should choose the method of shutdown depending on the reason behind the shutdown. The rest of this section discusses which command is appropriate for each kind of shutdown. The shutdown and the init commands are ...
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