Sustainability Assessment and Performance Improvement of Electroplating Process Systems
Abstract
Electroplating processes are among the most polluting systems in the process industry. In production, various types of chemical solvents, chemical–metal-containing plating solutions, water, and energy are consumed usually in excess. Thus process wastewater contains a high concentration of toxic or hazardous chemicals and metals that are dragged out by work pieces from cleaning and plating units into rinsing systems. The pollutants can enter the working environment through air emission, liquid discharge, and sludge handling. In addition, energy waste ...
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