Chapter 3 Business and sustainability

3.1 Business models

Business models explain what a company will sell (products or services), how it intends to market that product or service, the price (and cost) of a product, and how the activities will be turned into profit. However, the term business model is not uniformly defined [1]; different definitions agree that a business model is a holistic approach that examines the activities of a company (including upstream and downstream processes) and the creation of value [2], which also combine ecology with social, financial and cultural aspects of doing business [3]. In a business model for a linear value chain the main components are as follows:

For input and production

  • Key partners (for supply ...

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