Synthesis and Tribological Applications of Hybrid Materials

2Nanofracture and Wear Testing on Natural Bones

Ramdziah M. Nasir Muhammad A.A. Muhmad and Abdul Y. Saad

University of Science, Malaysia, School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, 13400, Penang, Malaysia

2.1 Introduction

Bones form an important part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They play a role in the support and protection of the various organs of the body. Furthermore, bones also provide a frame to keep the body supported and a leverage system for body movement. Bones come in several shapes and although they have a complex, lightweight, strong, and hard structure, they are vulnerable to impact, which leads to fractures internally and externally. Fractures normally occur near joints and are common among people with ...