Systems Engineering for the Digital Age

Chapter 22Concepts of Trust and Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems

Thomas McDermott¹, Megan M. Clifford¹, and Valerie B. Sitterle²

¹ Stevens Institute of Technology, School for Systems and Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ, USA

² Electronic Systems Laboratory, Georgia Tech Research Institute, NW Atlanta, GA

Trust and Resilience in Cyber‐Physical Systems

Background and Introduction

Dependable and Secure Computing in Cyber‐Physical Systems

Cyber‐physical systems (CPS) are “engineered systems that are built from, and depend upon, the seamless integration of computational algorithms and physical components” (NSF 2016). CPS are susceptible to security threats due to the interconnected nature of their control activities, which can be vulnerable to intrusion from both local and remote adversaries. The design of CPS must address the security of these control activities and their interactions with human and machine systems. CPS are often systems of systems, increasing their attack surfaces and making it difficult to identify system boundaries. The architectural design of CPS should support their nested structure and hierarchical layers of control, with resilience as a primary architectural attribute. To address the challenges posed by CPS, traditional approaches to security, privacy, reliability, resilience, and safety may be insufficient, and the design of CPS must incorporate new and evolving methods to ensure their secure and safe functioning. Characteristics of resilience in CPS include: ...