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PSEUDO-CLASSES AND PSEUDO-ELEMENTS
The very first CSS specification, CSS1, introduced the concepts of pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements. These are selectors that act on information about elements that extends (or sits outside of) the document tree. A pseudo-class differentiates among an element’s different states or types; these include—but are not limited to—those that provide information about link states: :hover, :visited, :active, and so on. A pseudo-element provides access to an element’s subpart, which includes those pseudo-elements that select portions of text nodes; for instance, :first-line and :first-letter.
The selectors just mentioned ...
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