Introduction

When you enter a room, see someone walking toward you on the street, or look up at a billboard while stuck in a traffic jam, the first thing you notice is color. The yellow walls in a child’s room make you smile, the red of a woman’s coat catches your eye, the orange background of an advertisement grabs your attention.

As Walt Disney so aptly put it, we live in a “wonderful world of color.” Color combinations can dazzle, soothe, or charm. In the bird kingdom, a male peacock’s stunning plumage of iridescent blues and greens quickens the heartbeat of potential mates. Tiffany’s signature blue box can have the same effect on humans.

Colors have such strong associations that even a black-and-white rendering of a brand’s logo instantaneously ...

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