5 Cybersecurity and Privacy

Why You Can’t Just Build a Castle

On a warm spring day in 2012 in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, a computer technician on the information technology team of Saudi Aramco (officially the Saudi Arabian Oil Company) opened an email and clicked on a link. Nothing happened, and he went back to work. A few months later, during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, when most of the company was away on holiday, a few people at the company began to notice that their computers were acting strangely. Files were disappearing and some machines shut down without any explanation. Within a few hours, thirty-five thousand of the company’s computers were partially destroyed. In a rush to mitigate damage, Saudi Aramco’s technicians began ripping ...

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